Calprotectin (S100a8) (NM_013650) Mouse Recombinant Protein

Specifications

Product Data
Species	Mouse
Expression Host	E. coli
Expression cDNA Clone or AA Sequence	Protein Sequence (showhide) Met1-Glu89
Tag	C-His
Predicted MW	11.3 kDa
Concentration	lot specific
Purity	>95% as determined by SDS-PAGE and Coomassie blue staining
Buffer	Lyophilized from a 0.2 um filtered solution of 20mMTris-HCl, pH 8.0.
Storage	Lyophilized protein should be stored at < -20°C, though stable at room temperature for 3 weeks. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 4-7°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at < -20°C for 3 months.
Stability	Stable for at least 6 months from date of receipt under proper storage and handling conditions.
Endotoxin	Endotoxin level is < 0.1 ng/µg of protein (< 1 EU/µg)
Reference Data
RefSeq	NP_038678
Locus ID	20201
UniProt ID	P27005
Refseq Size	392
Cytogenetics	3 39.9 cM
Refseq ORF	267
Synonyms	60B8Ag; AI323541; B8Ag; Caga; CFAg; CP-10; MRP8; p8
Summary	S100A8 is a calcium- and zinc-binding protein which plays a prominent role in the regulation of inflammatory processes and immune response. It can induce neutrophil chemotaxis and adhesion. Predominantly found as calprotectin (S100A8/A9) which has a wide plethora of intra- and extracellular functions. The intracellular functions include: facilitating leukocyte arachidonic acid trafficking and metabolism, modulation of the tubulin-dependent cytoskeleton during migration of phagocytes and activation of the neutrophilic NADPH-oxidase. Activates NADPH-oxidase by facilitating the enzyme complex assembly at the cell membrane, transferring arachidonic acid, an essential cofactor, to the enzyme complex and S100A8 contributes to the enzyme assembly by directly binding to NCF2/P67PHOX. The extracellular functions involve proinflammatory, antimicrobial, oxidant-scavenging and apoptosis-inducing activities. Its proinflammatory activity includes recruitment of leukocytes, promotion of cytokine and chemokine production, and regulation of leukocyte adhesion and migration. Acts as an alarmin or a danger associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule and stimulates innate immune cells via binding to pattern recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (AGER). Binding to TLR4 and AGER activates the MAP-kinase and NF-kappa-B signaling pathways resulting in the amplification of the proinflammatory cascade. Has antimicrobial activity towards bacteria and fungi and exerts its antimicrobial activity probably via chelation of Zn(2+) which is essential for microbial growth. Can induce cell death via autophagy and apoptosis and this occurs through the cross-talk of mitochondria and lysosomes via reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the process involves BNIP3. Can regulate neutrophil number and apoptosis by an anti-apoptotic effect; regulates cell survival via ITGAM/ITGB and TLR4 and a signaling mechanism involving MEK-ERK. Its role as an oxidant scavenger has a protective role in preventing exaggerated tissue damage by scavenging oxidants. The iNOS-S100A8/A9 transnitrosylase complex is proposed to direct selective inflammatory stimulus-dependent S-nitrosylation of multiple targets such as GAPDH, ANXA5, EZR, MSN and VIM by recognizing a [IL]-x-C-x-x-[DE] motif; S100A8 seems to contribute to S-nitrosylation site selectivity (By similarity).[UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function]

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