TNF Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody

Specifications

Product Data
Applications	ELISA, IHC, WB
Recommend Dilution	WB: 1:1000 IHC: User Optimized ELISA: 1:2,000 - 1:2,500
Reactivity	Porcine
Host	Rabbit
Clonality	Polyclonal
Immunogen	This protein-A purified antibody was prepared from whole rabbit serum produced by repeated immunizations with a recombinant protein raised in yeast, corresponding to 154 amino acids of mature swine TNFα.
Specificity	This product was Protein-A purified from monospecific antiserum by chromatography. It is specific for swine TNFα protein. A BLAST analysis was used to suggest cross-reactivity with TNFα from swine sources based on 100% homology with the immunizing sequence. Partial reactivity is expected against TNFα from baboon based on 90% homology. Cross-reactivity with TNFα from sources other than swine has not been determined.
Formulation	0.02 M Potassium Phosphate, 0.15 M Sodium Chloride, pH 7.2
Concentration	1.15 mg/mL - lot specific
Conjugation	Unconjugated
Storage Condition	Store vial at -20° C or below prior to opening. This vial contains a relatively low volume of reagent (25 µL). To minimize loss of volume dilute 1:10 by adding 225 µL of the buffer stated above directly to the vial. Recap, mix thoroughly and briefly centrifuge to collect the volume at the bottom of the vial. Use this intermediate dilution when calculating final dilutions as recommended below. Store the vial at -20°C or below after dilution. Avoid cycles of freezing and thawing.
Database Link	Entrez Gene 397086 Pig UniProt ID P23563
Background	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) in humans is a pleiotropic inflammatory cytokine. It is expressed by many different stimulated cell types including monocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and both T and B-lymphocytes, but especially by macrophages. It affects most organs. The production of TNFα is induced by IL-1, PDGF, IFN-beta, NGF, Oncostatin M and certain fungal, viral, and parasitic invasions. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide is an especially potent stimulus. The primary role of TNFα is in the regulation of immune cells. TNFα mediates septic shock in response to infection. It initiates a cascade of cytokines and increases vascular permeability, thereby recruiting macrophages and neutrophils. TNFα secreted by macrophages causes blood clotting which helps contain infection. TNFα is also able to induce apoptotic cell death or inflammation, and to inhibit viral replication. It possesses growth stimulating, inhibitory, and self regulatory properties. Dysregulation of TNFα production has been implicated in a variety of human diseases, as well as cancer. The presence of TNFα is responsible for diverse immunomodulatory and toxic effects. For instance, TNFα induces neutrophil proliferation during inflammation, but it also induces neutrophil apoptosis upon binding to the TNF-R55 receptor. TNFα causes necrosis of some types of tumors, but promotes growth of other types. Low levels may aid in maintaining homeostasis by regulating the body's circadian rhythm, and may promote remodeling or replacement of injured and senescent tissue by stimulating fibroblast growth. High levels of TNFα correlate with increased risk of mortality.
Synonyms	rabbit anti-TNF-A antibody, rabbit anti-TNFα antibody, rabbit anti-TNF alpha antibody, cachexin, cachectin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, TNFSF2, TNFSF1A
Note	This protein A purified TNFα antibody has been tested by western blot and is suitable for ELISA.  Specific conditions for reactivity should be optimized by the end user. Expect a band approximately 16.9 kDa in size corresponding to swine TNFα by western blotting in the appropriate cell lysate or extract.
Reference Data

*Delivery time may vary from web posted schedule. Occasional delays may occur due to unforeseen complexities in the preparation of your product. International customers may expect an additional 1-2 weeks in shipping.