Complement C4A (C4A) Mouse Monoclonal Antibody [Clone ID: SPM545]

Specifications

Product Data
Clone Name	SPM545
Applications	IF, IHC
Recommend Dilution	Immunofluorescence: 1/50-1/100. Immunohistochemistry on Frozen and Formalin-Fixed Sections: 1/200-1/400 for 30 minutes at RT. Staining of formalin-fixed tissues requires boiling tissue sections in 1mM EDTA, pH 7.5-8.5, for 10-20 min followed by cooling at RT for 20 minutes. Positive Control: Rejected Renal Transplant Tissue.
Reactivity	Human
Host	Mouse
Clonality	Monoclonal
Immunogen	Recombinant human Complement 4d protein.
Specificity	This Monoclonal Antibody is specific to Complement 4d (C4d) and it reacts with the secreted as well as cell-bound C4d. Cellular Localization: Intracytoplasmic vacuoles of endothelial cells and Secreted.
Formulation	10mM PBS State: Purified State: Liquid purified IgG fraction from Bioreactor Concentrate Stabilizer: 0.05% BSA Preservative: 0.05% Sodium Azide
Concentration	lot specific
Purification	Protein A/G Chromatography
Conjugation	Unconjugated
Storage Condition	Store undiluted at 2-8°C.
Predicted Protein Size	192 kDa (predicted)
Gene Name	complement component 4A (Rodgers blood group)
Database Link	Entrez Gene 720 Human UniProt ID P0C0L4
Background	Complement 4d (C4d) is the most clinically used marker for humoral rejection. It is a degradation product of the activated complement factor C4b. Complement 4d is typically initiated by binding of antibodies to specific target molecules. Following activation and degradation of the C4 molecule, thio-ester groups are exposed, which allow transient, covalent binding of the degradation product Complement 4d to endothelial cell surfaces and extracellular matrix components of vascular basement membranes near the sites of C4 activation. Complement 4d is also found in intracytoplasmic vacuoles of endothelial cells. Covalent binding renders C4d a stable molecule that can easily be detected by immunohistochemistry.  The presence of C4d in peritubular capillaries is a key indicator for acute humoral (i.e. antibody-mediated) rejection of kidney, heart, pancreas and lung allografts. As an established marker of antibody-mediated acute renal allograft rejection and its proclivity for endothelium, this component can be detected in peritubular capillaries in chronic renal allograft rejection as well as hyperacute rejection, acute vascular rejection, acute cellular rejection, and borderline rejection. It has been shown to be a significant predictor of transplant kidney graft survival. Anti-C4d, combined with anti-C3d, can be utilized as a tool for diagnosis of AR that may serve to warrant prompt and aggressive anti-rejection treatment.
Synonyms	Complement Component 4, CPAMD2, CPAMD3
Reference Data

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