Human Proinsulin ELISA Kit (96-well)

Specifications

Product Data
Description	Human Proinsulin ELISA Kit (96-well)
Size	1 x 96 wells
Format	96-well strip plate
Assay Type	Solid Phase Sandwich ELISA
Assay Length	3 hours
Signal	Colorimetric
Curve Range	156.25-10000pg/ml
Sample Type	Cell culture supernatant, serum, plasma (EDTA, citrate, heparin)
Sample Volume	20 uL
Specificity	Natural and recombinant Human Proinsulin Ligand
Sensitivity	70pg/mL
Reactivity	Human
Interference	No significant interference observed with available related molecules.
Components	Aluminium pouches with a Microwell Plate coated with antibody to human Proinsulin (8X12) 2 vials human Proinsulin Standard lyophilized, 1000 pg/ml upon reconstitution 2 vials concentrated Biotin-Conjugate anti-human Proinsulin antibody 2 vials Streptavidin-HRP solution 4 bottle Standard /sample Diluent 1 bottle Biotin-Conjugate antibody Diluent 1 bottle Streptavidin-HRP Diluent 1 bottle Wash Buffer Concentrate 20x (PBS with 1% Tween-20) 1 vial Substrate Solution 1 vial Stop Solution 4 pieces Adhesive Films package insert
Background	Proinsulin is synthesized as a single chain, 110 amino acid (aa) preproprecursor that contains a 24 aa signal sequence and an 86 aa proinsulin propeptide. Following removal of the signal peptide, the proinsulin peptide undergoes further proteolysis to generate mature insulin, a 51 aa disulfidelinked dimer that consists of a 30 aa B chain (aa 2554) bound to a 21 aa A chain (aa 90110). The 34 aa intervening peptide (aa 5589)that connects the B and A chains is termed the Cpeptide. Human proinsulin shares 84% and 80% aa sequence identity with rat and bovine proinsulin, respectively. Most of the sequence variation between species occurs in the region of the Cpeptide. This peptide generates a structural conformation that allows for the correct formation of the intrachain disulphide bonds . Insulin is a molecule that facilitates the cellular uptake of glucose. This is accomplished by regulating the appearance of membrane glucose transporters. Low insulin levels or lack of insulin are associated with type 2 and type 1 diabetes mellitus, respectively. These conditions are associated with an increased risk for microvascular complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and peripheral neuropathy . Proinsulin also circulates, but its physiologic role is less well understood. It does possess about 25% of the activity of mature insulin, but it would seem unlikely to be a natural substitute for insulin . In type 2 diabetes, an elevated proinsulin to insulin ratio in the circulation is a well known abnormality . Perhaps this abnormality represents either compromised proteolytic processing or a general inability to process increased levels of insulin precursor . In any event, proinsulin will stimulate amylin secretion by .cells, and amyloid formation in pancreatic islets that promotes decreased . cell function . Studies also suggest that fasting serum proinsulin may be a better predictor of future type 2 diabetes than fasting insulin levels in obese children .
Gene Symbol	INS
Standard Curve	Representative standard curve for Proinsulin ELISA. Proinsulin was diluted in serial two-fold steps in Sample Diluent.

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